An airborne multi-function microwave remote sensing system has been developed in order to verify the design and performance of future Chinese spaceborne system. Future Chinese spaceborne microwave remote sensing system is for ocean research, atmosphere research and soil moisture content monitoring. Like spaceborne system, the airborne system also includes altimetry, scatterometry and radiometry functions. There are five operate modes: altimetry mode, scatterometry mode, radiometry mode, altimetry and radiometry mode, scatterometry and radiometry mode. The operate mode can be changed by program. There are five channels in radiometry mode. The altimetry mode, the scatterometry mode and the second channel of radiometry mode operate at the same Ku band. In the airborne system, the scatterometry mode uses two pyramidal horn antennae. One is for horizontal polarization. The other is for vertical polarization. The horizontal polarization antenna is also used in the altimetry mode. The radiometry mode uses five pyramidal horn antennae.
Flight experiments have been conducted on southern sea of China. The results verify the design and performance of the airborne multi-function microwave remote sensing system. They also show that the design of future Chinese spaceborne system is practicable. In this paper, the principle of airborne system is briefly introduced. Flight experiments and results are described.
In this paper, the effects from mutual coupling and imbalance between channels on the interferometric correlation are analyzed. It is shown that the correlation error is mainly introduced by the phase imbalance. The phase balance of the central frequency can ensure the accuracy of the correlation phase, and the residual phase error will only reduce the coherency. Coherent/Incoherent noise calibration can correct the channel imbalance related interferometric correlation errors.
In microwave remote sensing, if we want to acquire active and passive remote sensing information of an object simultaneously, we usually measure it with a scatterometer and a radiometer at the same time. Because two remote sensors are used, the experiment is very complicated. A scattero-radiometer is developed in order to reduce remote sensor cost and experiment difficulty. This scattero- radiometer consists of a continuous wave scatterometer and a digital gain compensation radiometer. In this paper, the block diagram and the timing program of this scattero- radiometer are detailed submitted. Performance test show that the scattero-radiometer not only remains original performance of a scatterometer and a radiometer, but also is able to measure backscattering coefficient and brightness temperature simultaneously. It is more fit for acquiring active and passive microwave remote sensing information simultaneously.
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