Surface emission lasing in pulse operation was realized with a quantum cascade laser using a two-dimensional photonic crystal at a wavelength of about 4 µm. The quantum well of the light-emitting layer was a strain-compensated system, and crystal growth was achieved while maintaining the strain balance. PC-QCLs lasing were realized on the single-mode vertical-emission at 77K under pulse operation. The threshold current density is 760 A/cm2 . The far-field radiation pattern showed a very small divergence angle of less than 1°. In addition, we observed the polarization dependence of the far-field profile, and analyzed for operating characteristics
We recently reported an isotropic linear dispersion relation of a square-lattice photonic crystal slab fabricated in an SOI wafer. The linear dispersion of the square lattice generally suffers from the distortion due to a diffraction loss, which may reduce its performance in expected applications. We present a method to eliminate the diffraction loss and avoid the distortion by using triangular-lattice photonic crystal slabs with the six-fold rotational symmetry. The theoretical results on the dispersion and the angle-resolved reflection spectra obtained by the k-p perturbation theory and the finite element method will be compared with available experimental data.
We recently reported the fabrication of mid-infrared SOI photonic crystal slabs and confirmed the creation of the Dirac cone by the angle-resolved reflection spectroscopy. We found the Fano-like line shape, which made it difficult to tell the accurate eigenmode frequencies from the reflection peaks. In this presentation, we focus on the selection rule and the line shape of the reflection peaks. The phase shift of the transmitted and reflected waves will also be examined to clarify the correspondence between the eigenmode frequency and the line shape. The results will be compared with available experimental data.
Optical and spin properties of individual GaAs droplet dots in AlGaAs barriers are studied in photoluminescence
experiments at 4K. First we report strong mixing of heavy hole-light hole states. Using the neutral and charged
exciton emission as a monitor we observe the direct consequence of quantum dot symmetry reduction in this strain free system. By fitting the polar diagram of the emission with simple analytical expressions obtained from k•p theory we are able to extract the mixing that arises from the heavy-light hole coupling due to the geometrical asymmetry of the quantum dot. Second we report optical orientation experiments. Circularly polarized optical excitation yields strong circular polarization of the resulting photoluminescence. Optical injection of spin polarized electrons into a GaAs dot gives rise to dynamical nuclear polarization that considerably changes the exciton Zeeman splitting (Overhauser shift). We show that the created nuclear polarization is bistable and present a direct measurement of the build-up time of the nuclear polarization in a single GaAs dot in the order of one second.
Developments in the self-assembly by droplet epitaxy in our research group have enabled us to fabricate various GaAs quantum nanostructures of high optical quality such as quantum dots, single quantum rings, and concentric double quantum rings. We clarified their electronic states and relaxation processes by micro photoluminescence experiments. We achieved lasing of lattice-matched GaAs quantum dots and their excitonic Rabi oscillation by resonant excitation. We succeeded in the control of their photon emission rate by photonic crystal micro cavities.
We report on observation of spontaneous emissions from a single quantum dot after resonant excitation. To capture
weak emissions from a single quantum dot, reflection of an excitation laser was reduced by applying obliquely incident
geometry and crossed polarization configuration. In addition, collected emissions were temporally resolved to be
separated from residual reflection. These allowed us to realize a simple manipulation and read out of an exciton qubit.
We observed an exciton Rabi oscillation in excitation amplitude dependence of the emission intensity. We determined an
exciton dipole moment from the Rabi oscillation and from the emission decay time, independently. Comparison between
the two values shows reasonable agreement.
Photoluminescence from a single semiconductor quantum dot after perfect resonant excitation has been temporally resolved with picosecond time resolution. Making use of non-confocal geometry for the micro photoluminescence setup, we can greatly remove the elastic scattering component, and successfully capture the resonantly-excited spontaneous emission from a single quantum dot. The emission intensity as a function of coherent photoinjection shows peculiar oscillatory dependence, i.e., Rabi oscillations of ground-state excitons. The transition strength of the groundstate exciton is precisely determined through the analysis. The value indicates a good agreement with that expected by the radiative decay rate of the quantum dots.
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