There is a need for an accurate, non-invasive, and real-time measurement of physiological hydration, in which we need to directly measure changes in water content and dynamics and changes in its molecular environment. Both sweat at the surface of your skin and deeper tissue properties are easily accessible non-invasively to Raman spectroscopy.
Complexities in biomolecular systems require a fundamental understanding of the dynamics present in order to accurately assess changes in hydration using Raman spectroscopy. AIMD simulations will be made to compute changing vibrational spectra corresponding to the major hydration related changes in physiological molecular environments and compared to experiment.
Recent developments in optogenetics allow for quick and minimally invasive methods of mapping functional brain circuits in animal models. DeepLabCut (DLC), a toolbox for markerless pose estimation, offers the ability to track features in three-dimensions. We demonstrate a hybrid method utilizing DLC and light-based, optogenetic motor mapping to concurrently localize motor representations of multiple limbs in mice. Our results suggest that behaviorally-relevant, motor movements involving multiple limbs reside in overlapping cortical representations of each limb. Applications of this technique include characterizing recovery of finer, articulated movements of affected limbs after stroke, or mapping brain network activity during naturalistic behavior.
The development of a real-time, non-invasive method for assessing hydration status is urgently needed in many communities such as the military and high-performance athletes. A probe-based spatially offset Raman spectroscopy system has been developed to accomplish this goal. Raman spectra, including the fingerprint and high wavenumber regions, have been collected from various tissue depths and superficial anatomical locations from collegiate athletes undergoing strength and conditioning regimens. Urine was collected alongside spectroscopy measurements to compare spectral information to urine specific gravity, a clinically relevant hydration metric. Water dynamics shown in spectral features are used to quantify hydration change during exercise regimens.
Recent developments in optogenetics allow for quick and minimally-invasive methods of studying functional brain organization in animal models. DeepLabCut (DLC), a toolbox for markerless pose estimation, offers the ability to track user-defined features in 3-dimensions with human level accuracy. We demonstrate a hybrid method utilizing DLC and optogenetic motor mapping to localize the movements of multiple modalities to the mouse cortex. We outline a pipeline to map and characterize multiple motor representations in anesthetized and awake mice. Furthermore, we identify behaviorally-relevant motor movements of multiple limbs reside in overlapping cortical representations of the respective limbs.
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