Current diagnostic techniques detect osteoarthritis too late for non-surgical treatment. This study examines the use of contrast-enhanced photon-counting spectral computed tomography (PC-SCT) for diagnosis of joint conditions. The multi-material decomposition capability and high-resolution imaging of PC-SCT with a novel bismuth-contrast agent allowed imaging of cartilage and bone structure, information on the volumetric distribution of proteoglycan and water composition in cartilage, and calcium deposits in bone for improved joint diagnosis. With PC-SCT, osteoarthritis can be monitored and treated by imaging the entire joint structure and components in one scan.
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