This study is selected central urban areas(CUA) of Hunan Province as the research object.The land use data and socioeconomic data were used in this study to analyze the evolution characteristics and its drving mechanism of the CUA of Hunan province during 1990-2020 at the macro and micro levels.The research methodology includes the development of the spatial database, construction of the grid system, Geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model and building of the peak map model PMM).Analyze the coupling relationship between expansion characteristics and core driving factors based on the actual development and land use situation of each CUA. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) From 1990 to 2020, urban land area in the central areas of Hunan Province showed an increasing trend, with high-speed expansion predominantly occurring in the eastern regions, and spatial development becoming increasingly uneven over time. (2) The expansion areas of the central areas of Hunan Province evolved from a centralized single-point distribution to a balanced distribution, undergoing three stages: "low-speed imbalance," "high-speed imbalance," and "medium-speed balance." The internal development coordination and overall coordination gradually improved. (3) From 1990 to 2010, the expansion pattern in the central areas primarily followed an "edge-remote" evolution pattern. However, after 2010, due to differences in the relationship between average urban expansion and cluster dispersion distance, expansion patterns began to diverge. The fact that clusters were too distant from the central core was an important reason for the loose spatial structure and slow development of central and western central areas. (4) The expansion of each central urban area is driven by various factors. Industrialization, policies, transportation, people's livelihoods, and cultural and educational factors being the main factors, but there are differences in their impact on the extent and morphology of expansion.
Based on residents' activity trajectory data to characterize urban vitality, using POI data and remote sensing image data to locate the spatial location of urban health resources, we study the reasons for the differences in the distribution of health resources in Hengyang city from the users' point of view and on the basis of multiple spatial characteristics. The study shows that: ① health resources are often distributed in the center of the city due to the influence of urban development history and planning policy, and there is a lack of resources in the peripheral areas of the city; ② health resource-intensive areas are often preferred by users, thus resulting in more resources in the center of the city and fewer resources in the peripheral areas; ③ compared with the center of the city, the peripheral resources have low accessibility, which is unfavorable for the arrangement of the resources and the performance of the function. The imbalance between the types of resources in the city center and the periphery due to geographic location affects the travel choices of the residents, which reveals the differences in the distribution of resources; finally, the corresponding resource allocation plan is formulated in response to the reasons for the differences in the distribution of health resources, with the intention of providing scientific references for the rational distribution of health resources.
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