Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide and will be increased in the coming decades. Pulmonary emphysema is one of the hallmarks of COPD. Establishing the animal model of pulmonary emphysema is very important to explore its pathogenesis. Until now, researchers are still having used histological methods to assess whether it is successful to stimulate the emphysema animal model. In this study, we try to use multiphoton microscopy imaging system to assess whether the mouse models obtained the emphysema pathological. The two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) signals and second harmonic generation (SHG) signals clearly showed changes in both cellular features and extracellular matrix architecture during different time of emphysema mouse models. With the development of miniaturized multiphoton microscopy, multiphoton microscopy can be used to monitor the developing of pulmonary emphysema in animals in vivo.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant and rapidly invasive astrocytoma, which has explosive biologic properties with rapid clinical progression leading to death and has a poor clinical outcome. The average survival time of most patients is only 12 to 15 months. GBM is distinguished pathologically from lower grade tumors by ‘pseudopalisading’ necrosis and microvascular hyperplasia. The most exaggerated form of microvascular hyperplasia is called glomeruloid body. MPM is a potential tool for imaging biological tissues at the molecular level. In this paper, MPM based on twophoton excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) was applied for identifying the GBM without labeling or fluorescent markers. The results showed that MPM can display the specific histological characteristics of GBM including ‘pseudopalisading’ necrosis and glomeruloid vascular proliferation. The results obtained are consistent with the diagnosis of pathological findings. MPM will become a promising imaging tool for preoperative diagnosis of glioblastoma in the future.
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that caused substarntial discomfort and morbidity. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent the occurrence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has the potential as an effective, noninvasive diagnostic tool for tissues imaging at a molecular level. The technique has several advantages including deeper penetration depth and minimal photo-toxicity and photo-bleaching compared with other microscopy techniques. In this work, MPM was expand to histological investigations, differentiating LS lesion from normal skin by imaging unstained histological sections without hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining. Our results present that MPM has the ability to identify the characteristics of LS including the changes of hyperkeratotic epidermis, homogenized collagen, and inflammatory cell infiltration. These tissue architecture details are in perfect agreement with the corresponding H and E-stained images. In addition, the results of collagen content show significant difference in normal skin and LS. The studies indicate that the MPM technique not only has the ability comparable to the H and E-stained images to distinguish between normal tissue and LS, but also can provides more comprehensive diagnostic information for the pathologist. With the advent of the clinical portability of MPM, this technique has the potential to be a powerful tool for diagnosing LS and monitoring the treatment response in vivo.
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