With the rise of 5G, big data, and cloud computing, optical communication networks are under immense pressure due to exponential IP traffic growth. To meet the needs of these services and enhance the flexibility of bandwidth management in optical networks, ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing (UDWDM) systems have been widely studied. However, in practical deployments, existing electrical switching methods involve multiple optoelectronic conversions, leading to high power consumption across the entire network. Furthermore, UDWDM systems necessitate communication transceivers with enhanced sensitivity for long-distance transmission, which has prompted the adoption of digital coherent optical communication technology. In this paper, we demonstrated a real-time UDWDM system with optical switches over 640-km fiber using low-complexity coherent transceivers. 10 x 10 Gb/s DP-QPSK signals spaced at 12.5 GHz are transmitted over a 640-km single-mode fiber. The receiver sensitivity achieved -47 dBm, under the BER threshold of 7% overhead hard-decision Forward Error Correction (HD-FEC). Furthermore, we demonstrated the feasibility of dynamic wavelength management
and allocation through wavelength selective switching in this system, which verified the potential for flexible optical switching in UDWDM systems.
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