Two-photon lithography technology has revolutionized the fabrication of 3D-structures from photoreactive materials by providing high precision and almost unlimited design freedom. Here, a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) based on benzophenonedicarboxylate (bzpdc) linker molecules has been micro-structured by a laser-induced chemical modification. Via a post-synthetical loading of the porous crystals with appropriate organic compounds and a subsequent femtosecond laser-induced two-photon absorption (TPA), a cross-linking of organic compounds with MOF’s bzpdc-linker is triggered. As a result, a precise functionalization of the material is achieved, leading to a permanent change in properties such as refractive index. With this work a significant step forward for 3D-tailoring material properties and manufacturing tuneable functional optical micro-devices is made.
KEYWORDS: Absorption, Quantum efficiency, Thermal modeling, Temperature metrology, Thermography, Monte Carlo methods, Semiconductor lasers, Scattering, Ray tracing, Optical simulations
As laser diodes (LDs) replace LEDs in the remote phosphor setup, a new class of lighting solutions emerges, giving rise to laser-excited remote phosphor (LERP) systems. While already in use in some commercial applications such as automotive lighting, these systems have not yet matured. The optical behavior of phosphors is temperature dependent, specifically the absorption coefficient, the conversion efficiency reflected in the quantum efficiency (QE) coefficient, and, to a lesser extent, the emission spectrum. For this reason, opto-thermal analysis is critical for further investigating and optimizing these systems. A steady-state opto-thermal simulation scheme that combines ray tracing in OpticStudio software with heat transfer calculations using the finite element method (F.E.M.) in ANSYS is presented and experimentally validated here. Furthermore, the temperature-dependent models established for phosphor properties are used to optimize the phosphor sample.
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