Understanding the dynamics of electron-phonon and phonon-phonon interactions is important to unravel the complex behavior of materials subject to ultrafast laser excitation. We report the results of studying these interactions in femtosecond laser-excited tungsten (W) using the technique of ultrafast electron diffuse scattering (UEDS). By tracking changes of diffuse scattering signal over time, we resolve the dynamics of phonon populations across the Brillouin zone in W. Our results shed light on both electron-phonon and phonon-phonon coupling dynamics in W [Mo et al. Science Advances, in press (2024)]. This paper outlines the fundamental principle behind the UEDS technique, provides a brief overview of the experimental setup, and presents selected results of time-resolved diffuse scattering patterns.
Laser interaction with a metal excites electrons into a non-equilibrium state after which the path back to equilibrium is determined by the scattering of electrons and phonons. We present a computational study of such a process in a metallic system showing the role of electron-phonon and phonon-phonon coupling. Our modelling approach incorporates realistic momentum resolved electron-phonon coupling in a classical molecular dynamics simulation. In addition, the phonon-phonon scattering is controlled by varying the anharmonicity of the interatomic potential. Our results show that both electron-phonon and phonon-phonon couplings are important in order to match experimental measurements.
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