Dr. Gary Freedman Profile

Dr. Gary Freedman

at Penn Medicine

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation + Paper

Improving Cherenkov-to-dose linearity in tissue for quantitative surface dosimetry during whole breast radiation therapy

Brook Byrd, Daniel Alexander, Mario Gallardo, Baozhu Lu, Dennis Sourvanos, Taoran Li, Neil Taunk, Gary Freedman, Timothy Zhu

Proceedings Volume 12834, 1283405 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3000357

KEYWORDS: Breast, Optical properties, Cameras, Skin, Radiotherapy, Tissues, Photons, Dosimetry, Color, Natural surfaces

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Imaging Cherenkov photons emitted during radiation therapy can provide real-time information of the external beam field. It is well established that Cherenkov emission is correlative to dose deposited; however, differential photon energies and tissue attenuation properties, along with complicated camera geometries, entangle this relationship and introduce variability in the Cherenkov emission-to-dose ratio from patient-to-patient. This study aims to better understand the effects of optical properties, skin color, and patient-specific geometries (i.e. angle of camera incidence and curvature) on the Cherenkov emission-to-dose relationship. To do so, a series of phantom experiments were conducted with tissuesimulating optical phantoms and an andromorphic breast phantom in which optical properties, curvature, and camera angle of incidence were all examined as a function of normalized Cherenkov emission-to-dose. To acquire clinical Cherenkov data along with patient skin color, Cherenkov images and OSLD measurements for the ground-truth surface dose were collected weekly on 13 whole-breast radiotherapy patients, alongside high-resolution 3D color and texture scans. Phantom results suggest there to be a moderately strong correlation between dose percent error and patient curvature (R² = 0.57), as well as angle of camera incidence (R² = 0.56). Initial patient results suggest there to be a correlation between the redness of a patient’s skin, and the Cherenkov emission-to-dose ratio, with higher amounts of redness correlating to lower Cherenkov signal. By better characterizing these trends, we are potentially able to find generalizable optics-based corrections that improve the accuracy in mapping Cherenkov emission to real-time skin dose.

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