Dr. Gillian Nave Profile

Dr. Gillian Nave

Physicist at National Institute of Standards and Technology

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Publications (11)

Proceedings Article | 10 July 2018 Presentation + Paper

The dirt in astronomy's genie lamp: ThO contamination of Th-Ar calibration lamps

Gillian Nave, Florian Kerber, Elizabeth Den Hartog, Gaspare Lo Curto

Proceedings Volume 10704, 1070407 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2312286

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Thorium, Calibration, Spectrographs, Astronomy, Contamination, Argon, Manufacturing, Spectroscopy, Fourier transforms

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Proceedings Article | 6 July 2018 Paper

Commissioning the SALT High Resolution Spectrograph’s iodine cell

Lisa Crause, R. Paul Butler, Gillian Nave, Rudi Kuhn, Blaine Lomberg, Alexei Kniazev, Steven Crawford, Éric Depagne

Proceedings Volume 10702, 107025S (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2307195

KEYWORDS: Iodine cells, Iodine, Spectrographs, Stars, Point spread functions, Fourier transforms, Calibration, Crystals, Telescopes, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 31 January 2013 Paper

Development of a new, precise near-infrared Doppler wavelength reference: a fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer

Samuel Halverson, Suvrath Mahadevan, Lawrence Ramsey, Stephen Redman, Gillian Nave, John Wilson, Fred Hearty, Jon Holtzman

Proceedings Volume 8446, 84468Q (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.925716

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Near infrared, Fourier transforms, Doppler effect, Stars, Calibration, Astronomy, Lamps, Mirrors, Interferometers

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2012 Paper

Near-infrared calibration systems for precise radial-velocity measurements

Stephen Redman, Florian Kerber, Gillian Nave, Suvrath Mahadevan, Lawrence Ramsey, Jonathan Smoker, Hans-Ulrich Käufl, P. R. L. Figueira

Proceedings Volume 8446, 84468G (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.925585

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Spectrographs, Lamps, Absorption, Uranium, Neon, Fourier transforms, Standards development, Carbon monoxide, Precision calibration

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2010 Paper

An optical frequency comb for infrared spectrograph calibration

Gabriel Ycas, Franklyn Quinlan, Steven Osterman, Gillian Nave, Scott Diddams

Proceedings Volume 7735, 77352R (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857462

KEYWORDS: Frequency combs, Planets, Calibration, Stars, Optical filters, Spectroscopy, Spectral calibration, Spectrographs, Astronomy, Linear filtering

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2008 Paper

Observations of Pt-Ne hollow cathode lamps similar to those used on the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph: spectroscopy and air testing

Gillian Nave, Craig Sansonetti, Florian Kerber, Steven Penton, Michael Rosa

Proceedings Volume 7011, 70113L (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789147

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Platinum, Spectrographs, Carbon monoxide, Calibration, Neon, Spectroscopy, Spectral calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2008 Paper

Observations of Pt/Ne hollow cathode lamps similar to those used on the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph: photometry and vacuum testing

Steven Penton, Nathaniel Cunningham, Matthew Beasley, Steven Osterman, Florian Kerber, Gillian Nave, Craig Sansonetti, Charles Keyes, Michael Rosa

Proceedings Volume 7011, 70113M (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789406

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Calibration, Photometry, Spectrographs, Electronics, Standards development, Ultraviolet radiation, Temperature metrology, Epoxies, Space telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 10 July 2008 Paper

Wavelength calibration sources for instruments on extremely large telescopes

Maria Aldenius, Florian Kerber, Paul Bristow, Gillian Nave, Yuri Ralchenko, Craig Sansonetti

Proceedings Volume 7014, 70145U (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787886

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Calibration, Neon, Metals, Databases, Spectroscopy, Spectrographs, Fourier transforms, Astronomy, Spectral resolution

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Proceedings Article | 30 June 2006 Paper

The spectrum of Th-Ar hollow-cathode lamps in the 900-4500 nm region: establishing wavelength standards for the calibration of VLT spectrographs

Florian Kerber, Gillian Nave, Craig Sansonetti, Paul Bristow, Andreas Rosa, Hans-Ulrich Käufl, Michael Rosa

Proceedings Volume 6269, 62692O (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.670361

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Calibration, Spectrographs, Fourier transforms, Argon, Spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Standards development, Astronomy, Observatories

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The European Southern Observatory (ESO), the Space Telescope European Co-ordinating Facility (ST-ECF), and the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) are collaborating to study Th-Ar hollow cathode lamps as used for the calibration of VLT (Very Large Telescope) spectrographs. In the near IR only a limited number of wavelength standards are available. The density and distribution of lines in Ne or Kr lamps, for example, are inadequate for high-resolution spectroscopy. Th-Ar hollow cathode lamps provide a rich spectrum in the UV-visible region and have been used in astronomy for a long time; current examples at ESO include the spectrographs UVES and FLAMES. The Th spectrum from 278 nm to about 1000 nm was studied at high resolution about 20 years ago (Palmer and Engleman, 1983). Two studies of the Th-Ar spectrum in the near IR have recently been published, but neither work is directly applicable to the calibration of IR astronomical spectrographs at ESO. We report new measurements using the 2-m UV/visible/IR Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) at NIST that establish more than 2000 lines as wavelength standards in the range 900 nm to 4500 nm. This line list is used as input for a physical model that provides the wavelength calibration for the Cryogenic High-Resolution IR Echelle Spectrometer (CRIRES), ESO's new high resolution (R~100,000) IR spectrograph at the VLT. We also present first calibration results from laboratory testing of CRIRES. The newly established wavelength standards will also be available for use by X-shooter and other spectrographs in the future. Measurements of the variation of the spectrum of Th-Ar lamps as a function of operating current allow us to optimise the spectral output in terms of relative intensity and line density for operation on the telescope. Since Th and Ar line intensities show a different response with respect to operating current, such measurements can be used as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing the gas and metal lines. Our findings show that Th-Ar lamps hold the promise of becoming a standard source for wavelength calibration in near IR astronomy.

Proceedings Article | 15 June 2006 Paper

Performance of the GHRS Pt-Ne hollow-cathode lamps after their return from space and comparison with archival data

Florian Kerber, Don Lindler, Paul Bristow, Gillian Nave, Joseph Reader, Craig Sansonetti, Dominik Lembke, Sara Heap, Michael Rosa, H. John Wood

Proceedings Volume 6266, 62663A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.671739

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Calibration, Spectrographs, Ultraviolet radiation, Space telescopes, Fourier transforms, Space operations, Sensors, Stars, Ionization

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

Spectral characterization of HST calibration lamps: new Pt/Cr-Ne line catalogues and aging test

Florian Kerber, Michael Rosa, Craig Sansonetti, Joseph Reader, G. Nave, Paul Bristow, Mauro Fiorentino, Georg Lercher

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.550507

KEYWORDS: Lamps, Calibration, Spectrographs, Ultraviolet radiation, Platinum, Chromium, Space telescopes, Fourier transforms, Near ultraviolet, Neon

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The Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility's (ST-ECF) lamp project, funded directly by the European Space Agency (ESA), is dedicated to the study of hollow cathode calibration lamps as they are used onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). There are two main objectives: First, we have measured the spectra of Pt/Cr-Ne lamps in order to obtain accurate and reliable wavelengths for all emission lines between 115 and 320 nm. This wavelength range corresponds to the coverage provided by the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) Echelle modes. Extensive laboratory measurements were performed at the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) using their 10.7 m normal incidence spectrograph and a Fourier Transform Spectrograph. Until now no good laboratory wavelengths for Cr had been available and their addition has a major impact on the wavelength calibration, in particular in the near UV. The new line list is being used in conjunction with the physical instrument model of STIS which is employed to derive an improved wavelength calibration as part of the STIS Calibration Enhancement (STIS-CE) effort. Second, we attempt to gain a better understanding of the performance of such lamps and the physical processes involved in their long term operations. Among the issues studied are the change of the spectrum as a function of current, its change as a function of time and the tolerances of alignment. The bulk of the measurements were performed on flight spares from STIS and on new space qualified lamps for the accelerated aging test. The original flight lamps from the Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) and the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph (GHRS) are the only lamps ever to be measured after their return from space. Together with the spectra archived from six years of on-orbit operations they provide a unique data set for studying ageing effects in these lamps. The new Pt/Cr-Ne line list has been successfully applied in the STIS-CE effort. Thereby the ST-ECF's lamp project directly leads to an improvement in the quality of scientific observations of existing HST spectrographs. Our findings also constitute important lessons for the design and operations of future UV and optical spectrographs in space.

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