Prof. Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh Profile

Prof. Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh

ICREA Professor at ICFO - Institut de Ciències Fotòniques

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Author

Publications (22)

Proceedings Article | 12 March 2024 Presentation + Paper

Non-cyclic geometric phase-induced output coupler for optimum out-couple power in optical parametric oscillators

Chahat Kaushik, Aadhi A, Anirban Ghosh, R. P. Singh, S. Dutta Gupta, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh, G. K. Samanta

Proceedings Volume 12869, 1286904 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3003592

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Optical parametric oscillators, Polarization, Beam splitters, Sagnac interferometers, Output couplers, Reflection, Signal intensity, Nonlinear crystals, Wave plates

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2019 Presentation

Recent advances in optical parametric oscillators (Conference Presentation)

Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 10902, 109020K (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2514706

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Femtosecond phenomena, Imaging spectroscopy, Ultrafast phenomena, Sapphire lasers, Picosecond phenomena, Solid state lasers, Solid state electronics, Fiber lasers, Laser applications

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This talk will provide an overview of the latest advances in OPO technology based on novel nonlinear materials such as CdSiP2 (CSP), orientation-patterned GaP (OP-GaP), and MgO:sPPLT, in combination with solid-state and fiber pump laser technology. In the ultrafast time-scales, we have achieved operation of femtosecond OPOs into deep-IR at wavelengths as long as ~8 um by exploiting internal cascaded parametric generation based on MgO:PPLN and CSP using the Kerr-lens-mode-locked (KLM) Ti:sapphire laser as primary pump source, or by external cascaded pumping using a commercial near-IR femtosecond OPO as the intermediate pumping step. More recently, we have also demonstrated successful operation of deep-IR femtosecond OPOs based on CSP at wavelength beyond 8 um by direct pumping with the KLM Ti:sapphire laser, and without the need for intermediate cascading step. We have also recently shown that the development of high-repetition-rate ultrafast OPOs in the picosecond time-scale into the deep-IR is possible by direct pumping using Yb-fiber lasers at 1.064 um. The major improvements in the optical quality of the CSP crystal with low transmission loss over long interaction lengths have made it possible to overcome the low nonlinear gains under low pumping intensities, thus enabling us to develop the first high-repetition-rate picosecond OPO based on CSP and with wavelength tunability out to 6.7 um. In the cw regime, we have demonstrated new a concept for frequency comb generation based on OPOs in doubly-resonant oscillator configuration with dispersive cavities. Using this new concept in a cw OPO based on MgO:sPPLT and pumped at 532 nm in the green, we have generated broadband cw spectra centred at 1064 nm with ~9 THz bandwidth containing >42000 modes. These developments have opened the way for the advancement of OPO sources in new directions and their potential use in a wide range of novel applications including optical microscopy, spectroscopy, and imaging.

Proceedings Article | 23 May 2018 Presentation

Compact fibre-integrated femtosecond optical parametric oscillator (Conference Presentation)

Callum O'Donnell, Chaitanya Kumar Suddapalli, Therese Paoletta, Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 10684, 106840I (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2309649

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Femtosecond phenomena, Mirrors, Time resolved spectroscopy, Optical microscopy, Laser development, Sapphire lasers, Silver, Optical fibers, Crystals

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High repetition-rate coherent femtosecond sources of tunable near-IR radiation are widely used for time resolved spectroscopy and optical microscopy. We have developed a compact femtosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO) for the near-IR in a novel configuration based on MgO doped periodically poled LiNbO3 (MgO:PPLN) synchronously pumped by a Kerr-lens-mode-locked (KLM) Ti:sapphire laser at 76 MHz. The singly-resonant OPO in a four-mirror X-cavity arrangement incorporates an 86-cm-long single mode fibre with one silver coated facet functioning as an end mirror. By coupling the resonant signal into the fibre comprising 63% of the total cavity length, the total OPO footprint is kept highly compact, while maintaining the repetition rate at 76 MHz. Moreover, the use of the optical fibre drastically alters the cavity dispersion profile compared to a free-space OPO, with the zero-dispersion wavelength shifted to ~1.3 μm. At a pump wavelength of 800 nm, the signal wavelength is tunable across 1128–1243 nm in the normal dispersion regime, and 1358–1600 nm (degeneracy) in the anomalous dispersion regime, by variation of cavity length and the crystal grating period. Tuning curves are compared to those predicted using the Sellmeier equations for MgO:PPLN and fused silica, confirming close agreement with experiment. Using a maximum pump power of ~850 mW, up to 50 mW of average signal power is extracted at 1468 nm using a 13% output coupler, and the oscillation threshold is measured to be ~600 mW. The output power is limited by an estimated coupling loss of 2.2 dB at the fibre coupler, and imperfect cavity mode-matching. Excellent passive spectral stability is observed, and a power stability of 1.1% rms is recorded. The signal beam is of high spatial quality with a TEM00 profile. Signal pulses are characterised using intensity autocorrelation, yielding pulse durations of ~130 fs at 1192 nm, very similar to those of the pump. Spectra in the anomalous dispersion regime are well-defined single peaks, while those in the normal dispersion regime exhibit a rich variety of features including symmetrical sideband formation and evidence of optical wave breakup. These features are modelled and verified using simulations based on the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The wavelength offset of sidebands of order N is seen to follow a N0.5 dependence, analogous to those observed in the spectrum of a mode-locked soliton laser operating in the anomalous dispersion regime. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first fibre-feedback OPO configured using a fibre facet as an end mirror; and the first time tuning in both dispersion regimes has been achieved. The combination of high intracavity dispersion and a broad phase matching bandwidth enables rapid continuous tuning across the near-IR using cavity delay, and excellent spectral stability. With suitable optics, the idler beam across 1.6–3 μm could also be extracted. This OPO represents a promising compact source for high repetition-rate ultrafast spectroscopic applications.

Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Presentation + Paper

Continuous-wave, multi-milliwatt, tunable difference-frequency generation across 4608-4694 nm in orientation-patterned GaP

Kavita Devi, A. Padhye, P. Schunemann, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 10684, 1068410 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2306858

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Optical parametric oscillators, Mid-IR, Continuous wave operation, Nonlinear crystals, Mirrors, Nonlinear optics, Difference frequency generation

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Paper

1 μm-pumped optical parametric generator and oscillator based on orientation-patterned gallium phosphide

Hanyu Ye, S. Chaitanya Kumar, Junxiong Wei, P. Schunemann, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 10684, 106841W (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2306828

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Mid-IR, Temperature metrology, Gallium, Nonlinear crystals, Oscillators, Absorption, Signal generators, Pulsed laser operation

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Proceedings Article | 15 February 2018 Presentation + Paper

Femtosecond deep-infrared optical parametric oscillator pumped directly by a Ti:sapphire laser

Callum O'Donnell, Chaitanya Kumar S., Kevin Zawilski, Peter Schunemann, Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 10516, 1051610 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2287559

KEYWORDS: Ultrafast lasers, Mid-IR, Optical parametric oscillators, Wavelength tuning, Nonlinear optics, Crystals, Laser applications, Nonlinear crystals

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Proceedings Article | 15 February 2018 Presentation + Paper

Performance characterization of mid-infrared difference frequency generation in orientation-patterned gallium phosphide

Junxiong Wei, Chaitanya Kumar S., Hanyu Ye, Peter Schunemann, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 10516, 105160V (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2287670

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Polarization, Optical parametric oscillators, Mid-IR, Nonlinear crystals, Laser crystals, Thermal effects, Difference frequency generation

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Proceedings Article | 27 April 2016 Paper

Birefringent-multicrystal, single-pass, continuous-wave second-harmonic-generation in deep-ultraviolet

Kavita Devi, S. Parsa, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 9894, 98940R (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2227630

KEYWORDS: Second-harmonic generation, Deep ultraviolet, Continuous wave operation, Ultraviolet radiation, Nonlinear crystals, Mirrors, Nonlinear frequency conversion, Crystals, Nonlinear crystals, Collimation, Laser crystals

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2012 Paper

High-beam-quality narrow-linewidth 13W continuous-wave fiber-based source at 970 nm

Kavita Devi, S. Chaitanya Kumar, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8434, 843405 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922087

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Second-harmonic generation, Continuous wave operation, Laser crystals, Fiber lasers, Thermal effects, Semiconductor lasers, Thulium, Beam propagation method

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2012 Paper

Continuous-wave mode-locked optical parametric oscillator

Kavita Devi, S. Chaitanya Kumar, G. Samanta, A. Esteban-Martin, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8434, 84340D (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922106

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Mode locking, Continuous wave operation, Optical parametric oscillators, Picosecond phenomena, Phase shift keying, Crystals, Mirrors, Electro optics

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2012 Paper

Interferometeric output coupling of a continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator

Kavita Devi, S. Chaitanya Kumar, A. Esteban-Martin, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8434, 84340E (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922101

KEYWORDS: Continuous wave operation, Mirrors, Optical parametric oscillators, Interferometers, Oscillators, Crystals, Ytterbium, Fiber lasers, Output couplers

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Proceedings Article | 11 May 2012 Paper

High-energy, tunable, mid-infrared, picosecond optical parametric generation in CdSiP2

S. Chaitanya Kumar, M. Jelínek, M. Baudisch, K. Zawilski, P. Schunemann, V. Kubecek, J. Biegert, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8434, 84340F (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.922009

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Picosecond phenomena, Nd:YAG lasers, Nonlinear crystals, Signal generators, Crystals, Optical parametric oscillators, Nonlinear optics, Cadmium, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 15 February 2012 Paper

High-energy 450-MHz CdSiP2 picosecond optical parametric oscillator near 6.3 μm for biomedical applications

S. Chaitanya Kumar, A. Agnesi, P. Dallocchio, F. Pirzio, G. Reali, K. Zawilski, P. Schunemann, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8240, 82400Q (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.904768

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Crystals, Picosecond phenomena, Mid-IR, Energy efficiency, Nonlinear optics, Nonlinear crystals, Absorption, Mirrors, Biomedical optics

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Proceedings Article | 23 August 2011 Paper

Highly efficient continuous-wave single-pass second-harmonic generation using multicrystal scheme

Kavita Devi, S. Chaitanya Kumar, G. Samanta, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8173, 81730K (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.896173

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Second-harmonic generation, Continuous wave operation, Laser crystals, Thermal effects, Mirrors, Quantum cascade lasers, High power lasers, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 23 August 2011 Paper

Continuous-wave-fiber-laser-pumped Ti:sapphire laser

Kavita Devi, S. Chaitanya Kumar, G. Samanta, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 8173, 81730J (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.896171

KEYWORDS: Sapphire lasers, Continuous wave operation, Crystals, Laser crystals, Fiber lasers, Mirrors, Output couplers, Second-harmonic generation, Laser damage threshold, Solid state lasers

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Proceedings Article | 8 June 2011 Paper

Soft tissue ablation by picosecond synchronously-pumped CdSiP2-based optical parametric oscillator tuned to 6.45 μm

Nordine Hendaoui, Alaa Addin Mani, Ernest Kakudgi, André Peremans, Christophe Silien, Vincent Bruyninckx, Adolfo Esteban, Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh, Stefan Been, Rudolf Verdaasdonk, Peter Schunemann, Kevin Zawilski, Valentin Petrov

Proceedings Volume 8092, 80921R (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.889998

KEYWORDS: Optical parametric oscillators, Silver, Laser ablation, Tissues, Free electron lasers, Absorption, Nonlinear crystals, Picosecond phenomena, Laser tissue interaction, Thermography

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Proceedings Article | 22 February 2011 Paper

CdSiP2 optical parametric generator

O. Chalus, P. Schunemann, K. Zawilski, J. Biegert, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 7917, 79170L (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.876465

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Picosecond phenomena, Mid-IR, Nonlinear crystals, Absorption, Laser crystals, Signal generators, Mirrors, Mode locking, Nonlinear optics

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Proceedings Article | 23 September 2010 Paper

Performance and limitations of quasi-phase matching semiconductor waveguides with picosecond pulses

Sean Wagner, S. Chaitanya Kumar, Omid Kokabee, Barry Holmes, Usman Younis, Majid Ebrahim Zadeh, David Hutchings, Amr Helmy, J. Stewart Aitchison

Proceedings Volume 7750, 77501K (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.873093

KEYWORDS: Waveguides, Second-harmonic generation, Picosecond phenomena, Superlattices, Fiber lasers, Semiconductors, Optical parametric oscillators, Frequency conversion, Phase matching

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Quasi-phase matched (QPM) second-order nonlinear optical processes in compound semiconductors are attractive for frequency conversion because of their large nonlinear susceptibilities and their mature fabrication processes that permit monolithic integration with pump lasers and other optical elements. Using quantum well intermixing (QWI), we have fabricated domain-disordered QPM (DD-QPM) waveguides in GaAs/AlGaAs superlattices and have previously demonstrated continuous-wave (CW) Type-I second-harmonic generation (SHG) and pulsed Type-II SHG. CW experiments were complicated by Fabry-Perot resonances and thermal bistability. Experiments using a 2-ps pulsed system were affected by third-order nonlinear effects, group-velocity mismatch (GVM), and poor spectral overlap with the conversion bandwidth. A better evaluation of the conversion efficiency may, however, be determined by using longer pulses in order to avoid these complications. By this, the effective CW conversion efficiency and χ⁽²⁾ modulation can be ascertained. In this paper, we demonstrate SHG in DD-QPM waveguides with reduced parasitic effects by using 20 ps pulses. The waveguide structure consisted of a core layer of GaAs/Al_0.85Ga0.15As superlattice into which QPM gratings with a period of 3.8 μm were formed using QWI by As²⁺ ion implantation. For a Type-I phase matching wavelength of 1583.4 nm, average second-harmonic (SH) powers produced were as high as 2.5 μW for 2 ps pulses and 3.5 μW for 20-ps pulses. At low input powers, the SHG average power conversion efficiency of the 2-ps system was more than 10 times larger than the 20 ps system. As power was increased, the SH power saturated and conversion efficiency decreased to nearly equal to the 20-ps system which remained consistent over the same power range. This is attributed to a reduction in third-order nonlinear effects, a smaller pulse spectral width that overlaps better with the conversion bandwidth, and less pulse walkoff for the 20-ps pulses. Thus, by using 20-ps pulses over 2-ps pulses, we achieved similar output SH powers and potentially higher SH powers are possible since there was no observed saturation at high input power.

Proceedings Article | 13 February 2009 Paper

Tunable high-power solid-state sources for the blue and ultraviolet

G. Samanta, A. Esteban-Martín, M. Ghotbi, M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 7197, 719702 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.808939

KEYWORDS: Ultraviolet radiation, Crystals, Second-harmonic generation, Femtosecond phenomena, Optical parametric oscillators, Mirrors, Nonlinear crystals, Visible radiation, Continuous wave operation

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Proceedings Article | 19 February 2007 Paper

Ultrafast frequency conversion sources for the visible and ultraviolet based on BiB₃O₆

M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 6451, 645106 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.708569

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Ultraviolet radiation, Visible radiation, Optical parametric oscillators, Picosecond phenomena, Second-harmonic generation, Frequency conversion, Nonlinear crystals, Femtosecond phenomena, Energy efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 14 February 2007 Paper

Optical parametric generation of high-energy femtosecond pulses in the 1-3 µm spectral range using BiB3O6

Valentin Petrov, Masood Ghotbi, Pancho Tzankov, Frank Noack, Ivailo Nikolov, Ivan Buchvarov, Majid Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 6455, 64550C (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.700094

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Femtosecond phenomena, Nonlinear crystals, Optical amplifiers, Energy efficiency, Dispersion, Polarization, Prisms, Nonlinear optics, Gaussian pulse

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Proceedings Article | 15 February 2006 Paper

Efficient frequency conversion of femtosecond and picosecond pulses into the visible and ultraviolet in novel quasi-phase-matched and birefringent materials

M. Ebrahim-Zadeh

Proceedings Volume 6118, 611809 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.641953

KEYWORDS: Crystals, Second-harmonic generation, Picosecond phenomena, Femtosecond phenomena, Ultraviolet radiation, Frequency conversion, Visible radiation, Harmonic generation, Nonlinear crystals, Continuous wave operation

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Showing 5 of 22 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (18)

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials and Devices XVIII

5 February 2019 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Optics and its Applications

23 April 2018 | Strasbourg, France

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials and Devices XVII

29 January 2018 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials and Devices XVI

30 January 2017 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Optics and its Applications

4 April 2016 | Brussels, Belgium

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XV

15 February 2016 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIV

9 February 2015 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Optics and its Applications

14 April 2014 | Brussels, Belgium

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XIII

4 February 2014 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XII

5 February 2013 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XII

5 February 2013 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Optics and its Applications

16 April 2012 | Brussels, Belgium

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications XI

24 January 2012 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications X

24 January 2011 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Optics and its Applications

12 April 2010 | Brussels, Belgium

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications IX

25 January 2010 | San Francisco, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications VIII

27 January 2009 | San Jose, California, United States

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials, Devices, and Applications VII

22 January 2008 | San Jose, California, United States

Showing 5 of 18 Conference Committees

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