Advanced Land Observing Satellite(ALOS) was successfuly launched on January 24th 2006 at Tanegashima
Space Center by H-IIA rocket. The Satellite mass is about 4 tons of weight, Sun synchronous sub-recurrent orbit,
repetation cycle is 46 days (sub cycle 2days) and 5 years mission operation. ALOS has four missions such as
Cartography, Regional Observation, Resource Survey and Diasater monitoring. After the satelllite launch,
there were several opportunities to observe natural disasters in the world.. ALOS will be distribute disaster
information through international framework such as Sentinel Asia and International Charter on Disaster
Monitoring. The 'Sentinel Asia' initiative was established by space agencies and disaster authorities in the Asia
and Oceania, to use Remote Sensing information and Web-GIS data-delivery technologies in support of disaster
management in the Asia-Pacific region. Sentinel Asia is 'voluntary and best-efforts-basis initiatives' led by the
Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum (APRSAF) to share the disaster information in the region using the
'Digital Asia' (Web-GIS) platform. International Charter is the membership framework to operate the satellite
in case of disaster occurs. and distribute the data and information free of charge. ALOS is nominated both
activities to contribute disaster monitoring and mitigation. This paper describes the introduction of ALOS and
acquired disaster images to indicate its potential use for disaster monitoring. The design of follow on mission is
indispensable to promise continuous monitoring of natural disaster. This paper also describes the initial idea of
ALOS follow on mission.
This paper introduces the Hypersat and Mission Demonstration Satellite programs, which are small satellite programs in the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). The goals of the programs are to establish sophisticated microelectronics and mechanics technology; to achieve low cost, high performance satellite; and to quickly respond to the variety of requests from end users. One author has an idea for a high-resolution optical imager which is small and light enough to be launched on this small satellite. This idea is presented in detail. A wide swath strip mode operation SAR design is also introduced.
Satellite long term observation scenario has been studied. Earth observation strategy in NASDA consists of following three objectives. Those are (1) monitoring, modeling and prediction of future earth environment by data assimilation, (2) promote satellite data utilization for earth resource management and sustainable development, (3) natural disaster monitoring, modeling and prediction. Satellite measurement form polar, sun-synchronous orbit should be the first priority because of the whole globe coverage. The ADEOS series planned as the major one starts from ADEOS in 1996, ADEOS-II in 1999, ADEOS III in 2003 and follow on. Diurnal variation measurement is also essential for climate change studies especially precipitation and cloud/radiation forcing. ATMOS series has been studied for these mission requirements. ATMOS series has been studied for these mission requirements. ATMOS will be take an inclined orbit to separate diurnal cycle. Newly developed sensors will use experimental platforms such as SPace Stations, small test satellite and airplanes.
For future spaceborne water vapor DIAL systems, we started a laser design study in 1994. New laser materials such as Cr:LiSAF are very attractive, but at present there are no high power diode lasers for direct pumping those materials. Therefore we determined to develop a high power diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser and Ti:sapphire laser for water vapor DIAL. The output energy of Nd:YLF laser is expected to be 550 mJ at 1053 nm and 400 mJ at 527 nm with a maximum repetition rate of 150 Hz. A Ti:sapphire laser will be pumped by the SHG of the Nd:YLF laser. Tuning of the Ti:sapphire laser to a strong absorption line (ON1), a weak absorption line (ON2) of water vapor and an off line (OFF) is made by an injection seeder which consists of two single longitudinal mode laser diode modules. Two on-line laser diodes are locked to water vapor absorption lines using an absorption cell or a photo-acoustic cell. These three laser lines (ON1, OFF and ON2) are transmitted into the atmosphere with a triple pulse technique for measurements of water vapor profiles from the ground up to 10 km. The laser spectral width of the on line is expected to be 0.5 pm with a stability of 0.05 pm. The output energy of each laser line is to be more than 100 mJ. This laser system will be developed within three years, and then incorporated as an airborne water DIAL.
This joint article presents the POLDER-OCTS preflight cross-calibration procedure and data set. POLDER is a radiometer developed by CNES devoted to the measurement of the polarization and directionality of the Earth's reflectances and OCTS is an ocean color and temperature scanner developed by NASDA. Both radiometers are onboard the ADEOS satellite to be launched in 1996. The preflight POLDER-OCTS cross-calibration experiment was carried out by NRLM, NASDA, and CNES from March to April in 1994 using round- robin radiometers. The cross-calibration results show the agreement between NRLM/NASDA and CNES radiometers better than 6% regarding POLDER integrating sphere at CNES in Toulouse and better than 5% regarding OCTS integrating sphere at NEC in Yokohama. Calbration of OCTS integrating sphere by NEC agreed with cross calibration by NRLM/NASDA within 3%. The calibration of CNES round-robin radiometer is guaranteed at 3.5%.
In 1999, ADEOS-II is planned to launch. This satellite aims to observe the global changes of environment based on the carbon, water and energy cycle. For this purpose, ADEOS-II will carry several mission equipments. One of them is GLI (GLobal Imager). GLI is the imaging radiometer possible to observe various objects, for example, ocean color, sea surface temperature, vegetation index, cloud distribution, ice on the land and sea. To satisfy these abilities various methods will be applied to GLI. Collecting Optics consists of 2 off-axis parabolic mirrors to avoid the obstruction in the field of view. Interference filter are joined each other to set up many filter in the focal plane. Both faces of scan mirror will be used in terms of extending the integration time of detectors. In this report these methods and mission of GLI will be described.
New type of infrared instruments such as Tunable Etalon Remote Sounder for the Earth (TERSE) and High resolution Limb Infrared Absorption Spectrometer (HLAS) were proposed and studied for the future Japanese earth observation satellite program. This paper describes the results of feasibility study of TERSE and HLAS.
The JPOP concept, which is part of International Polar Orbiting Platform program, is reviewed. Particular attention is given to the strategy of the JPOP program, observational requirements, strawman candidate sensors, an earth observing scenario, and JPOP system study.
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