Dr. Alan C. Samuels Profile

Dr. Alan C. Samuels

Chemist at DEVCOM Chemical Biological Ctr

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (30)

Proceedings Article | 14 June 2023 Presentation

HyCARS: hyperspectral chemical airborne reconnaissance sensor for unmanned platforms

Adam Bingham, Edward Knobbe, Jason Akagi, Kellen Yamamoto, Paul Lucey, Alan Samuels, Michael von Fahnestock

Proceedings Volume PC12519, PC125190E (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2661551

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Airborne reconnaissance, Long wavelength infrared, Zoom lenses, Imaging systems, Hyperspectral imaging, Target detection, System integration, Switching, Superlattices

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Proceedings Article | 30 May 2022 Presentation + Paper

Chemical vapor detection using a passive infrared bioinspired sensor

Kevin Major, Robert Nicol, Jasbinder Sanghera, L. Brandon Shaw, Alan Samuels, Charles Davidson, Avishai Ben-David, Kenneth Ewing

Proceedings Volume 12116, 121160S (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2620557

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Infrared sensors, Bioalcohols, Black bodies, Infrared radiation, Industrial chemicals, Optical filters, Infrared detectors, Signal detection, Temperature metrology

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Proceedings Article | 8 May 2020 Paper

A novel standoff simultaneous UVN + LWIR laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) detection system for rapid in-situ chemical analysis

Clayton S. Yang, Feng Jin, Sudhir Trivedi, Uwe Hömmerich, Laszlo Nemes, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 11418, 114180I (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2565159

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Long wavelength infrared, Spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Chemical analysis, Infrared signatures, Molecular spectroscopy, Mid-IR

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 2016 Paper

Probing organic residues on Martian regolith simulants using a long-wave infrared Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy linear array detection system

Narasimha Prasad, Clayton S.-C. Yang, Feng Jin, Ken Jia, EiEi Brown, Uwe Hömmerich, Yingqing Jia, Sudhir Trivedi, Priyalal Wijewarnasuriya, Eric Decuir, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 9981, 99810I (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2242901

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Long wavelength infrared, Detector arrays, Visible radiation, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Molecular lasers, Infrared detectors, Pulsed laser operation, Molecules

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2016 Paper

Eye-safe infrared laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) emissions from energetic materials

Ei Brown, Uwe Hömmerich, Clayton Yang, Feng Jin, Sudhir Trivedi, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 9824, 98241B (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2225231

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Long wavelength infrared, Nd:YAG lasers, Potassium, FT-IR spectroscopy, Aluminum, Cements, Sensors

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2016 Paper

Standoff photoacoustic detections with high-sensitivity microphones and acoustic arrays

Fow-Sen Choa, Chen-Chia Wang, Jacob Khurgin, Alan Samuels, Sudhir Trivedi, Deepa Gupta

Proceedings Volume 9824, 98240M (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2224270

KEYWORDS: Signal detection, Reflectors, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Standoff detection, Acoustics, Nerve, Signal to noise ratio, Quantum cascade lasers, Explosives, Calibration

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2016 Paper

Chemical and explosive detection with long-wave infrared laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Feng Jin, Sudhir Trivedi, Clayton Yang, Ei Brown, Eric Kumi-Barimah, Uwe Hommerich, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 9824, 98240Q (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2223427

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Long wavelength infrared, Explosives detection, Infrared lasers, Spectroscopy, Explosives, Pulsed laser operation, Detector arrays, Electronics, Liquids

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2015 Paper

Combined microphone array and lock-in amplifier operations for outdoor photo-acoustic sensing

Mohammad Islam, Joshua Lay, Chen-Chia Wang, Sudhir Trivedi, Alan Samuels, Jacob Khurgin, Fow Sen-Choa

Proceedings Volume 9486, 94860L (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177536

KEYWORDS: Amplifiers, Signal to noise ratio, Reflectors, Interference (communication), Acoustics, Signal detection, Standoff detection, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Environmental sensing, Signal generators

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Proceedings Article | 1 May 2014 Paper

Quantum cascade laser tuning by digital micromirror array-controlled external cavity

P. Vujkovic-Cvijin, B. Gregor, A. Samuels, E. Roese

Proceedings Volume 9135, 91350L (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2058023

KEYWORDS: Quantum cascade lasers, Micromirrors, Modulation, Digital micromirror devices, Tunable lasers, Reflectivity, Wavelength tuning, Microelectromechanical systems, Laser applications, Long wavelength infrared

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Proceedings Article | 29 May 2013 Paper

Infrared (1-12 um) atomic and molecular emission signatures from energetic materials using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

E. Kumi Barimah, U. Hömmerich, E. Brown, C. S.-C. Yang, S. Trivedi, F. Jin, P. Wijewarnasuriya, A. Samuels, A. Snyder

Proceedings Volume 8710, 87100V (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2017913

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Infrared signatures, Long wavelength infrared, Sodium, Near infrared, Potassium, Infrared radiation, Chemical species, Infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 4 June 2011 Paper

Infrared laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy emissions from energetic materials

Clayton Yang, E. Brown, Uwe Hommerich, Sudhir Trivedi, Alan Samuels, A. Peter Snyder

Proceedings Volume 8018, 80181P (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.876375

KEYWORDS: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, Nitrogen, FT-IR spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Chemical analysis, Infrared signatures, Molecules, Explosives, Carbonates, Chemical species

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Proceedings Article | 4 June 2011 Paper

Optical constants of neat liquid-chemical warfare agents and related materials measured by infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry

C.S.-C. Yang, B. Williams, M. Hulet, T. Tiwald, R. Miles, A. Samuels

Proceedings Volume 8018, 80180M (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.882067

KEYWORDS: Liquids, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Crystals, Ellipsometry, Calibration, Chemical analysis, Liquid crystals, Optical testing, Blistering agents

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Proceedings Article | 17 April 2008 Paper

Classification of select category A and B bacteria by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Alan Samuels, A. Peter Snyder, Diane St. Amant, Darren Emge, Jennifer Minter, Mark Campbell, Ashish Tripathi

Proceedings Volume 6954, 695413 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.767292

KEYWORDS: Pathogens, Fourier transforms, FT-IR spectroscopy, Bacteria, Infrared spectroscopy, Absorption, Organisms, Optical filters, Spectroscopy, Visualization

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Proceedings Article | 25 October 2006 Paper

Test methodology development for biological agent detection systems

Alan Samuels, Joshua Santarpia, Jerold Bottiger, Scott Hunter, Edward Stuebing

Proceedings Volume 6378, 637802 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.686715

KEYWORDS: Aerosols, Sensors, Biological detection systems, Atmospheric particles, Sensor performance, Biological weapons, Biomedical optics, Particles, Luminescence, Curium

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Optical detection systems play a vital role in the early warning detection of airborne biological agents. Fluorescence and elastic scattering signals have been historically exploited in order to characterize and profile bioaerosols and yield information that can help suggest the occurrence of a biological attack. More recently, other optical methods, including Raman, infrared, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, have shown promise as candidate bioaerosol detection systems. The selection of an optimal approach involves careful consideration of advantages and disadvantages among these various alternative optical methods. Key considerations are detection probability, false alarm rate, time to detect, and sensitivity. These four parameters are interrelated functions of the nature of the optical signal - characterized by absorption and/or emission cross-section, information content, and signal measurement system technology limitations. Evaluation of prototype systems that exploit optical signatures to detect and warn of the presence of biological aerosols involves a careful, deliberate process of developing a standardized aerosol challenge that mimics the properties of not only a biological agent release, but also the highly complex natural and anthropogenic aerosol background. The key to developing a test methodology involves 1) interpretation of the limited background aerosol data, 2) development of dynamic aerosol challenge capabilities, and 3) integration of experimental design principles in the development and execution of artificial challenge tests and in the reduction and interpretation of sensor system performance based on the test results. Evaluation of prototype systems that exploit optical signatures to detect and warn of the presence of biological aerosols involves a careful, deliberate process of developing a standardized aerosol challenge that mimics the properties of not only a biological agent release, but also the highly complex natural and anthropogenic aerosol background. The key to developing a test methodology involves 1) interpretation of the limited background aerosol data, 2) development of dynamic aerosol challenge capabilities, and 3) integration of experimental design principles in the development and execution of artificial challenge tests and in the reduction and interpretation of sensor system performance based on the test results.

Proceedings Article | 25 October 2006 Paper

Miniature FT-IR spectrometer for passive and active sensing

Christopher Manning, Mike Gross, Joshah Jennings, John Wuthrich, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 6378, 63780T (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.690078

KEYWORDS: Spectroscopy, Interferometers, FT-IR spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Signal to noise ratio, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Gallium arsenide, Fourier transforms, Computing systems

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Proceedings Article | 14 September 2006 Paper

Infrared ellipsometric measurement of biological films at air/ZnS interfaces

Clayton S.-C. Yang, Avishai Ben-David, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 6331, 63310R (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.680511

KEYWORDS: Dielectrics, Thin films, Composites, Zinc, Infrared radiation, Interfaces, Optical properties, Atmospheric modeling, Infrared spectroscopy, Ellipsometry

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Proceedings Article | 19 May 2006 Paper

THz resonance spectra of Bacillus Subtilis cells and spores in PE pellets and dilute water solutions

Tatiana Globus, Tatyana Khromova, Dwight Woolard, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 6212, 62120K (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665246

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Absorption, Matrices, Infrared spectroscopy, Genetics, Water, Refractive index, Magnesium, Fabry–Perot interferometers, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 5 November 2005 Paper

THz absorption signature detection of genetic material of E. coli and B. subtilis

Alexei Bykhovski, Xiaowei Li, Tatiana Globus, Tatyana Khromova, Boris Gelmont, Dwight Woolard, Alan Samuels, James Jensen

Proceedings Volume 5995, 59950N (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.629959

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Absorption, Genetics, Biological weapons, Proteins, Spectroscopy, Biological research, Computer simulations, Data modeling, Solids

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The development of efficient biological agent detection techniques requires in-depth understanding of THz absorption spectral features of different cell components. Chromosomal DNA, RNAs, proteins, bacterial cell wall, proteinaceous coat might be essential for bacterial cells and spores THz signature. As a first step, the DNA's contribution into entire cell THz spectra was analyzed. The experimental study of cells and DNAs of E. coli and cells/spores and DNA of Bacillus subtilis was conducted. Samples were prepared in the form of water solutions (suspension) with the concentrations in the range 0.01-1 mg/ml. The measurable difference in the THz transmission spectra of E. coli and Bacillus subtilis DNAs was observed. The correlation between chromosomal DNA signature and a corresponding entire spore/cell signature was observed. This correlation was especially pronounced for spores of Bacillus subtilis and their DNA. These experimental results justify our approach to develop a model for THz signatures of biological simulants and agents. In parallel with the experimental study, for the first time, the computer modeling and simulation of chromosome DNAs of E. coli and Bacillus subtilis was performed and their THz signatures were calculated. The DNA structures were optimized using the Amber software package. Also, we developed the initial model of the DNA fragment poly(dAT)-poly(dTA) solvated in water to be used in the simulations of genetic material (DNA and RNA) of spores and cells. Molecular dynamical simulations were conducted using explicit solvent (3-point TIP3P water) and implicit solvent (generalized Born) models. The calculated THz signatures of E. coli and Bacillus subtilis DNAs and poly(dAT)-poly(dTA) reproduce many features of our measured spectra. The results of this study demonstrate that THz Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is a promising tool in generating spectral data for complex biological objects such as bacterial cells and spores.

Proceedings Article | 29 December 2004 Paper

A traceable quantitative infrared spectral database of chemical agents

Alan Samuels, Barry Williams, Avishai Ben-David, Melissa Hulet, Geoffrey Roelant, Ronald Miles, Norman Green, Changjiang Zhu

Proceedings Volume 5617, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578974

KEYWORDS: Infrared radiation, Databases, FT-IR spectroscopy, Phase measurement, Absorbance, Calibration, Biological weapons, LIDAR, Sensors, Liquids

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Proceedings Article | 8 September 2004 Paper

Bioaerosol sampling system with replicated optics

Mike Gross, Nicholas Cunningham, Joshua Erickson, Christopher Manning, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 5411, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.549130

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Particles, Epoxies, Adhesives, Glasses, Metals, Interferometers, Coating, Atmospheric particles, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 13 August 2004 Paper

Aerosol collection and analysis using diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy

Alan Samuels, Diane Wong, Gerald Meyer, Geoffrey Roelant, Barry Williams, Ronald Miles, Christopher Manning

Proceedings Volume 5416, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.541868

KEYWORDS: Aerosols, Silver, Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Absorbance, Biological research, Optical filters, Chemical analysis, Atmospheric particles, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 27 February 2004 Paper

Compact interferometers for chemical and biological agent detection

Christopher Manning, Michael Gross, Tim Hanshaw, R. Lynn Kirlin, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 5268, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.519193

KEYWORDS: Interferometers, Fabry–Perot interferometers, Digital signal processing, Semiconductor lasers, Sensors, Beam splitters, Prisms, Optical filters, Modulation, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 7 January 2004 Paper

Analysis of noise in passive Fourier transform infrared measurements of some representative backgrounds as a function of meteorological conditions

Alan Samuels, Dennis Flanigan, Avishai Ben-David

Proceedings Volume 5159, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.506499

KEYWORDS: Sensors, FT-IR spectroscopy, Calibration, Signal to noise ratio, Algorithm development, Meteorology, Statistical analysis, Radiometry, Clouds, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 15 August 2003 Paper

Handheld chemical threat monitor for the soldier system

Suneet Chadha, Patrick Henning, Ani Weling, Franklin Landers, Alan Samuels

Proceedings Volume 5085, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.488670

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Spectroscopy, Liquids, FT-IR spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Mid-IR, Absorption, Infrared sensors, Infrared detectors, Infrared spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 15 August 2003 Paper

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy of chemical agent simulants in a soil matrix

Alan Samuels, Barry Williams, Ronald Miles, Changjiang Zhu, Avishai Ben-David

Proceedings Volume 5085, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.488382

KEYWORDS: Soil science, Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Particles, FT-IR spectroscopy, Reflectivity, Absorbance, Spectroscopy, Soil contamination, Contamination, Infrared spectroscopy

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2003

Correlation spectroscopy with diffractive grating synthetic spectra and orthogonal subspace projection filters

Avishai Ben-David, Agustin Ifarraguerri, Alan Samuels

OE, Vol. 42, Issue 02, (February 2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1531638

KEYWORDS: Diffraction gratings, Sensors, Reflectivity, Diffraction, Magnesium, Clouds, Spectroscopy, Optical filters, Signal to noise ratio, Optical design

Proceedings Article | 7 February 2002 Paper

Passive standoff detection of surface contaminants: modeling the spectral radiance

Jean-Marc Theriault, James Jensen, Alan Samuels, Avishai Ben-David, Christopher Gittins, William Marinelli

Proceedings Volume 4574, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455165

KEYWORDS: Reflectivity, Reflection, Aluminum, Soil contamination, Refractive index, Soil science, Standoff detection, Statistical modeling, Sensors, Interfaces

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Proceedings Article | 7 February 2002 Paper

Millimeter wave absorption spectroscopy of biopolymers

Jing Ju, Hongliang Cui, Alan Samuels, James Jensen, Dwight Woolard

Proceedings Volume 4574, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455150

KEYWORDS: Biopolymers, Extremely high frequency, Absorption spectroscopy, Absorption, Air contamination, Environmental monitoring, Atmospheric sciences, Absorbance, Biological weapons

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Proceedings Article | 14 July 1999 Paper

Microwave spectroscopy of chemical warfare agents: prospects for remote sensing

Alan Samuels, James Jensen, Richard Suenram, Angela Hight Walker, Dwight Woolard

Proceedings Volume 3703, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.352997

KEYWORDS: Microwave radiation, Molecules, Spectroscopy, Extremely high frequency, Remote sensing, Molecular beams, Nerve agents, Millimeter wave sensors, Molecular spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 18 January 1999 Paper

Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy of chemical-warfare agents and their synthetic precursors

Angela Hight Walker, Richard Suenram, Alan Samuels, James Jensen, Dwight Woolard, W. Wiebach

Proceedings Volume 3533, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.336849

KEYWORDS: Spectroscopy, Microwave radiation, Molecules, Mirrors, Nerve agents, Molecular spectroscopy, Molecular beams, Chemical analysis, Databases

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Showing 5 of 30 publications

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