Mr. Stephen P. Sandford Profile

Stephen P. Sandford

at Psionic LLC

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Proceedings Article | 13 October 2010 Paper

CLARREO: cornerstone of the climate observing system measuring decadal change through accurate emitted infrared and reflected solar spectra and radio occultation

Stephen Sandford, David Young, James Corliss, Bruce Wielicki, Michael Gazarik, Martin Mlynczak, Alan Little, Craig Jones, Paul Speth, Don Shick, Kevin Brown, Kurtis Thome, Jason Hair

Proceedings Volume 7826, 782611 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.866353

KEYWORDS: Climatology, Environmental sensing, Observatories, Infrared radiation, Climate change, Spectroscopy, Satellite navigation systems, Calibration, Infrared spectroscopy, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 5 December 2008 Paper

Optimizing societal benefit using a systems engineering approach for implementation of the GEOSS space segment

Brian Killough, Stephen Sandford, L. DeWayne Cecil, Shelley Stover, Kim Keith

Proceedings Volume 7151, 715103 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.804848

KEYWORDS: Systems modeling, Taxonomy, Systems engineering, Wind energy, Satellites, Solar radiation models, Atmospheric modeling, Data modeling, Clouds, Climatology

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Proceedings Article | 17 April 2008 Paper

Design and build a compact Raman sensor for identification of chemical composition

Christopher Garcia, M. Nurul Abedin, Syed Ismail, Shiv Sharma, Anupam Misra, Stephen Sandford, Hani Elsayed-Ali

Proceedings Volume 6943, 69430I (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.781458

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Cameras, Sensors, Spectrographs, Imaging systems, Remote sensing, Telescopes, Pulsed laser operation, Molecules, Minerals

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2007 Paper

Remote Raman sensor system for testing of rocks and minerals

Christopher Garcia, M. Nurul Abedin, Shiv Sharma, Anupam Misra, Syed Ismail, Stephen Sandford, Hani Elsayed-Ali

Proceedings Volume 6538, 65381I (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.719842

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Minerals, Calcite, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Spectrographs, Telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, Molecules

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2006 Paper

Remote pulsed laser Raman spectroscopy system for detecting water, ice, and hydrous minerals

Christopher Garcia, M. Nurul Abedin, Shiv Sharma, Anupam Misra, Syed Ismail, Upendra Singh, Tamer Refaat, Hani Elsayed-Ali, Steve Sandford

Proceedings Volume 6302, 630215 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.680879

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Minerals, Spectrographs, Molecules, Telescopes, Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Calcite, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 22 December 2004 Paper

Autonomous aerial observations to extend and complement the Earth Observing System: a science-driven systems-oriented approach

Stephen Sandford, F. Harrison, John Langford, James Johnson, Garry Qualls, David Emmitt, W. Linwood Jones, Herman Shugart

Proceedings Volume 5661, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.582037

KEYWORDS: Satellites, Earth sciences, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Chemical elements, Sensors, Atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric modeling, Spatial resolution, Space operations, Systems modeling

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The current Earth observing capability depends primarily on spacecraft missions and ground-based networks to provide the critical on-going observations necessary for improved understanding of the Earth system. Aircraft missions play an important role in process studies but are limited to relatively short-duration flights. Suborbital observations have contributed to global environmental knowledge by providing in-depth, high-resolution observations that space-based and in-situ systems are challenged to provide; however, the limitations of aerial platforms - e.g., limited observing envelope, restrictions associated with crew safety and high cost of operations have restricted the suborbital program to a supporting role. For over a decade, it has been recognized that autonomous aerial observations could potentially be important. Advances in several technologies now enable autonomous aerial observation systems (AAOS) that can provide fundamentally new observational capability for Earth science and applications and thus lead scientists and engineers to rethink how suborbital assets can best contribute to Earth system science. Properly developed and integrated, these technologies will enable new Earth science and operational mission scenarios with long term persistence, higher-spatial and higher-temporal resolution at lower cost than space or ground based approaches. This paper presents the results of a science driven, systems oriented study of broad Earth science measurement needs. These needs identify aerial mission scenarios that complement and extend the current Earth Observing System. These aerial missions are analogous to space missions in their complexity and potential for providing significant data sets for Earth scientists. Mission classes are identified and presented based on science driven measurement needs in atmospheric, ocean and land studies. Also presented is a nominal concept of operations for an AAOS: an innovative set of suborbital assets that complements and augments current and planned space-based observing systems.

Proceedings Article | 22 December 2004 Paper

Parametric study for increasing on-station duration via unconventional aircraft launch approach

Christopher Kuhl, Robert Moses, Mark Croom, Stephen Sandford

Proceedings Volume 5661, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.606676

KEYWORDS: Mars, Atmospheric sciences, Earth's atmosphere, Remote sensing, Fourier transforms, Analytical research, Earth sciences, Telecommunications, Atmospheric modeling, Solids

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2003 Paper

Multicolor focal plane array detector technology: a review

M. Nurul Abedin, Tamer Refaat, Joseph Zawodny, Steve Sandford, Upendra Singh, Sumith Bandara, Sarath Gunapala, Ishwara Bhat, Norman Barnes

Proceedings Volume 5152, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.505887

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Quantum well infrared photodetectors, Staring arrays, Mercury cadmium telluride, Quantum efficiency, Long wavelength infrared, Infrared detectors, Infrared sensors, Infrared radiation, Quantum wells

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Proceedings Article | 31 October 1997 Paper

Advanced detectors, optics, and waveform digitizers for aircraft DIAL water vapor measurements

Russell De Young, Gary Halama, William Luck, K. Ellis, Stephen Sandford, Edward Browell, Tamer Refaat

Proceedings Volume 3127, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.279067

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Avalanche photodetectors, Information operations, LIDAR, Receivers, Signal to noise ratio, Telescopes, Signal detection, Analog electronics, Optical design

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Proceedings Article | 19 September 1997 Paper

Next-generation remote sensing: gas and aerosol monitoring sensorcraft (GAMS)

Michael Koch, Stephen Sandford, Joseph Zawodny

Proceedings Volume 3119, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.278940

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Space operations, Spectroscopy, Remote sensing, Satellites, Aerosols, Charge-coupled devices, Atmospheric sciences, Sun, Atmospheric modeling

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NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) is sponsoring the development of a revolutionary new concept for remote sensing from space. This concept is based on new technology and differs radically from previous paradigms, which call for building instruments that bolt to spacecraft. Langley's concept is called a 'sensorcraft.' The term sensorcraft simply designates a spaceflight remote sensing system that does not distinguish between the instrument, which performs a remote measurement, and the spacecraft bus, which provides the operational resources needed by the instrument in orbit. It integrates the resource requirements of both to minimize size, power consumption and cost. The gas and aerosol monitoring sensorcraft (GAMS) is a technology development project that seeks to revolutionize the remote sensing technique of solar occultation. An inherent limitation of solar occultation is the spatial and temporal coverage from a single spacecraft. For any given orbit there are at most two opportunities to take data, one at sunrise and one at sunset. A single satellite takes months to obtain a sufficient number of events to achieve global coverage. One solution to quicker global coverage is to launch several copies of the satellite. Unfortunately, by today's standards, this is very costly in hardware, launch costs, and in mission operations. This paper describes the effort to produce a small, inexpensive satellite that requires minimal ground support effort. Such a satellite would be cost effective to mass-produce, be a good 'payload of opportunity,' and allow for a constellation approach yielding global coverage in a matter of days. The GAMS project will produce an autonomous sensorcraft with mass of 60 kg, requiring less than 50 W average power and costing less than $2 M. GAMS will also perform extensive onboard processing which not only helps to reduce size and weight, but will minimize mission operations requirements. A validation flight is targeted for Shuttle deployment in late 1999. This paper discusses the mission concept and the key technologies GAMS will employ to achieve a tenfold decrease in science mission costs.

Proceedings Article | 31 October 1996 Paper

Tropospheric ozone sensing Fabry-Perot interferometer: II. Recent laboratory advancements

Allen Larar, Stephen Sandford, William Luck, William Cook, Jonathan Reeves, Paul Hays, Jeffery Puschell, Donald Ceckowski

Proceedings Volume 2830, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.256109

KEYWORDS: Fabry–Perot interferometers, Prototyping, Sensors, Control systems, Ozone, Mirrors, Signal detection, Interferometers, Spectroscopy, Fabry–Perot interferometry

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Showing 5 of 11 publications

SPIE Conference Volume | 5 December 2008

GEOSS, CEOS, and the Future Global Remote Sensing Space System for Societal Benefits

Conference Committee Involvement (5)

Lidar Technologies, Techniques, and Measurements for Atmospheric Remote Sensing

27 September 2012 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

GEOSS, CEOS, and the Future Global Remote Sensing Space System for Societal Benefits

18 November 2008 | Noumea, New Caledonia

SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing

17 November 2008 | Noumea, New Caledonia

SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing

13 November 2006 | Goa, India

Remote Sensing Applications of the Global Positioning System

8 November 2004 | Honolulu, Hawai'i, United States

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